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The old kingdoms are indicated by blue lettering. The baronies (also showing older territories) are in white.
Surnames, in their commonly used forms, are shown in black. Each name has a long association with the locality shown, during either the medieval period or in more recent times. In some cases different septs using the same surname arose in widely different areas. In other cases migration due to war dispersed them.

County Dublin was one of the first areas to be settled by the Vikings in the 9th century, with the founding of the town of Dubh Linn, later Dublin. Similarly it was one of the first to be taken by the Normans. Since then it has always been under Anglo-Irish or English control and it formed part of the Pale or area in which English law held. As a result most of the prominent families are of Norman or English ancestry, the most enduring being the Talbots.

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